So they are also checked for a match before giving a blood transfusion. Minor antigens (other than A, B, and Rh) that occur on red blood cells can sometimes also cause problems. Although 'universal donor' and 'universal recipient' types may be used to classify blood in an emergency, blood type tests are always done to prevent transfusion reactions. Type AB-positive blood is called the 'universal recipient' type because a person who has it can receive blood of any type. It is called the 'universal donor' type because it is compatible with any blood type. Type O-negative blood does not have any antigens. A transfusion reaction can be mild or cause a serious illness and even death. This is called a transfusion reaction, and it occurs immediately when incompatible blood is transfused. If you get a transfusion that has different antigens (incompatible blood), the antibodies in your plasma will destroy the donor blood cells. About 3 out of 100 people in Canada have type AB blood, with less than 1 person having AB-negative (AB-) blood and about 3 having AB-positive (AB+) blood.īlood received in a transfusion must have the same antigens as yours (compatible blood). Your plasma does not have antibodies against type A or type B blood. About 46 out of 100 people in Canada have type O blood, with 7 people having O-negative (O-) blood and 39 having O-positive (O+) blood. Your plasma has antibodies that attack both type A and type B blood. About 9 out of 100 people in Canada have type B blood, with 1 person having B-negative (B-) blood and 8 having B-positive (B+) blood. Your plasma has antibodies that attack type A blood. About 42 out of 100 people in Canada have type A blood, with 6 people having A-negative (A-) blood and 36 having A-positive (A+) blood. The liquid portion of your blood (plasma) has antibodies that attack type B blood. If your red blood cells have: The A antigen. The ABO test shows that people have one of four blood types: A, B, AB, or O. So the two most common blood type tests are the ABO and Rh tests. The most important antigens are blood group antigens (ABO) and the Rh antigen, which is either present (positive, +) or absent (negative, -).

Blood type tests may also be done to see if two people are likely to be blood relatives. Human blood is typed by certain markers (called antigens) on the surface of red blood cells. Blood type tests are done before a person gets a blood transfusion and to check a pregnant woman's blood type.

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